Is it true that a robot can operate normally without its master?

The assertion that a robot cannot operate normally without its master is based on the fundamental role of a master controller or programming interface in directing a robot’s actions. In industrial robotics, the master (often referring to a controller or programming system) provides the necessary instructions and parameters for the robot's movements and tasks. Without this input, the robot would lack guidance and thus be unable to perform its functions effectively on its own.

In most circumstances, robots are not designed for autonomous operation without the oversight of a master. They rely on pre-programmed instructions and real-time control to ensure that tasks are performed accurately and safely. While there may be specific scenarios where a robot could operate in a limited capacity independently, such instances do not align with the general capabilities of industrial robots.

The other options suggest scenarios where a robot might be able to function without its master, but these do not reflect the typical operational architecture and safety standards that govern robotic systems. For instance, maintenance protocols typically require a controlled environment and supervision, further emphasizing the necessity of a master controller.